Sebuah es memiliki massa 500 gram dan temperatur – 10°C. es tersebut hendak dicairkan menjadi 0°C. jika kalor jenis es dan kalor lebur es masing-masing sebesar 2500 j/kg°C dan 336000 j/kg, maka berapa energi yang diperlukan?

Sebuah es memiliki massa 500 gram dan temperatur – 10°C. es tersebut hendak dicairkan menjadi 0°C. jika kalor jenis es dan kalor lebur es masing-masing sebesar 2500 j/kg°C dan 336000 j/kg, maka berapa energi yang diperlukan?

Jawaban yang benar adalah 180500 J.

Diketahui:
m = 500 gram = 0,5 kg
∆T(es) = 0⁰–(–10⁰C) = 10⁰C
c es = 2500 J/kg ⁰C
L = 336000 J/kg

Ditanya:
berapa energi yang diperlukan?

Pembahasan:
Kalor (Q, satuan J) yang menyebabkan perubahan suhu, sebanding dengan massa zat (m, satuan kg), kalor jenis zat (c, satuan J/kg K atau J/kg°C), dan perubahan suhu (ΔT, satuan °C atau K).

Kalor yang diperlukan untuk melebur (Q) bergantung pada massa (m) dan kalor lebur (L, satuan J/kg).

Sehingga kalor yang diperlukan adalah total kalor pemanasan dan kalor lebur:
Q = m.c es. ∆T(es) + m.L
Q = 0,5.2500.10 + 0,5.336000
Q = 12500 + 168000
Q = 180500 J

Jadi, besar energi yang diperlukan adalah 180500 J.

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